Sourcing glossary

The words used in sourcing, in plain language.

Sourcing documents are full of abbreviations that people use loosely and slightly differently. This glossary fixes the meaning used on LATYNEX Research pages, so that a shortlist, a quote comparison or a source log reads the same way to you as to the person who wrote it. Entries are grouped by what they describe.

DocumentsCommercial termsSupplier typesEvidence terms
How to use it

One meaning per term, as used in our reports

Terms below are defined as they are used in LATYNEX Research deliverables. Other firms and other industries may use them a little differently, which is why a request or contract should always restate the term it relies on.

Where a term touches law, tax or customs, take the definition from the document or professional that governs it, not from a glossary.

Documents in the process

Documents in the process

RFI

Request for information: an early, open question set to learn what a supplier offers. No price commitment is expected.

RFQ

Request for quotation: a defined request asking for a price and terms against a fixed specification.

Specification

The written definition of what is to be supplied, to which quotes and deliveries are compared.

Quotation

A supplier's priced answer, valid on stated terms and for a stated period.

Commercial terms

Commercial terms

MOQ

Minimum order quantity: the smallest order a supplier is willing to produce or sell on stated terms.

Lead time

The period between confirming an order and the goods being ready, as the supplier states it.

Tolerance

The permitted deviation from a stated measurement.

Lot or batch

A quantity produced or supplied together.

Supplier types

Supplier types

Manufacturer

A company that makes the goods in facilities it controls.

Trading company

A company that sources goods from makers and resells them.

OEM

A maker producing to the buyer's design, sold under the buyer's name.

ODM

A maker supplying its own design that a buyer may adapt and sell under its name.

Private label

Goods made by one company and sold under another's brand.

Evidence terms used in reports

Evidence terms used in reports

Verified fact

A statement read in a source cited in the source log.

Inference

A conclusion drawn from verified facts and labelled as such.

Unavailable

Something that could not be established from the sources available.

Client-provided

Information supplied by you and not independently checked.

Source log

The list of sources used, with what each was used for and when it was read.

Good to know

What this is, and isn't

Research reports what can be established from public and provided sources. It is not a guarantee about a counterparty's future conduct and not legal advice.

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

Is this glossary a legal reference?+

No. It explains words as they are used in commercial research.

Why is 'verified' used only for facts?+

Because it applies to a statement and a source, not to a company as a whole.

Where are the evidence terms explained in full?+

On the page about verified fact, inference, unavailable and client-provided data.

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